Health Id :10 care workers’ adherence to infection prevention COVID-19 pandemic
Health care workers’ adherence to infection prevention measures varies depending on their job role, according to a COVID-19 pandemic study.
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Based on a survey of medical professionals completed during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, a recent study published in the American Journal of Infection Control (AJIC) raises the possibility that additional measures are required to fortify infection prevention protocols and shield staff members who are most vulnerable to exposure to harmful pathogens.
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This is presumably the first study of infection prevention strategies for the pandemic era that covers a wide range of healthcare occupations. Researchers discovered that employees most likely to report mistakes in their own adherence to infection control protocols were also those most likely to be exposed to SARS-CoV-2.
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Numerous studies on infection prevention havebeen conducted to determine how health care workers’ adherence to precautionary measures fared during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the majority of those investigations have up to this point concentrated on doctors and nurses.
By incorporating additional health care professionals who encountered exposure risk, such as respiratory, physical, and speech therapists, food services, environmental services, and clinical dietitians, this new study adds to the body of research already conducted. Hand hygiene and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) like masks, gloves, and gowns are common infection prevention and control strategies.
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In order to conduct this study, researchers examined survey replies from 191 medical staff members at the University of North Carolina Medical Center. Between July 2020 and January 2021, participants were enrolled. They were asked to report their experiences with exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and whether or not they followed infection precaution protocols.
Three broad categories were used to categorize the respondents: registered nurses (27%); therapists, dietitians, and representatives of food and environmental services (28%); and physicians, advanced practice providers, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners (45%).
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To gather validation data, study researchers routinely observed healthcare workers and tracked their adherence to infection control measures in addition to the self-reported survey data. In general, the trends noted by the observers and those reported in survey responses were consistent.
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The statistical analysis of the data revealed significant variations in terms of job role, potential exposure risk to SARS-CoV-2, and probability of making mistakes in the adherence to infection precautions. For instance, compared to roughly 29% of doctors and 38% of nurses, 57.4% of registered nurses performed job tasks that put them at a higher risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2.The “other” group.
Healthcare workers who had a higher probability of being infected with the virus were also 5.74 times more likely to have made at least one infection control mistake in the preceding two weeks, such as forgetting to put on protective gear.
Leading author of the study Emily J. Haas, Ph.D., is a research health scientist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory.
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“While error rates varied by job type, what this study really shows is that all three groups of health care personnel were at risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure and were making errors in adherence to infection prevention protocols during the height of the pandemic,” Haas told reporters.
“This is a clear demonstration that we need to improve engagement in our training for emergency preparedness and to create a more strategic response that will help our health care workers stay safe even in times of extreme stress.”
Researchers also discovered in this study that:
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The percentage of registered nurses (33.3%) and doctors (26.5%) who reported making at least one mistake in the preceding two weeks differed from the percentage of “other” category (9.6%) in terms of adherence to PPE guidelines.
The majority of respondents stated they always had access to gowns (93%), gloves (99%), eye shields (98%), and face masks (98%), among other personal protective equipment (PPE).
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The most commonly misapplied infection prevention measure was hand hygiene; study observers noted that hand and glove hygiene protocols were only observed 40% of the intervals between visits to patients’ rooms containing COVID-19.
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Patricia Jackson, RN, BSN, MA, CIC, FAPIC, 2023 APIC president, stated, “This study adds to our understanding of health care personnel compliance with infection prevention protocols during COVID-19 and highlights improvement opportunities.”
“Infection perfectionists can use this information in their education and outreach to strengthen preparedness for future outbreaks and to improve the safety of the day-to-day delivery of health care.”
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